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Posting messages to online bulletin boards and discussion groups with the victim’s personal information, such as home address, phone number or Social Security number.

Creating false online accounts on social networking and dating sites, impersonating the victim or attempting to establish contact with the victim by using a false persona.

Hacking into a victim’s online accounts (such as banking or email) and changing the victim’s settings and passwords.

Sending manipulative, threatening, lewd or harassing emails from an assortment of email accounts.

That can make the fear more palpable and prosecution more unlikely.

Many victims of cyberstalking don’t know the identity of the stalkers. Stalkers can use the anonymity of the Internet to commit their crimes. Nearly one-in-five Americans (18%) have been subjected to particularly severe forms of harassment online, such as physical threats, harassment over a sustained period, sexual harassment or stalking. The survey found that 41% of Americans have been personally subjected to harassing behavior online, and 66% have witnessed harassing behaviors directed at others. In July 2017, the Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel conducted a nationally representative survey of internet users’ experiences with online harassment. Others require only that the stalker’s conduct constitute an implied threat. Some state laws require that the perpetrator make a credible threat of violence against the victim. All states have anti-stalking laws, but the legal definitions vary. It targets a specific person either by directly contacting them or by disseminating their personal information, causing them distress, fear, or anger.Ĭyberstalking is a type of online harassment that involves using electronic means to stalk a victim, and generally refers to a pattern of threatening or malicious behaviors. Online harassment may involve threatening or harassing emails, instant messages, or posting information online. If you need counseling or assistance, please visit

We are not able to counsel stalking victims. Please note that this guide is for informational purposes only.